Surface cattle-guard



(No Model.)

E. M. s@ C. CLARK. 'SURFAGE GATTLE GUARD.

No. 408,695. Patented Aug. 13, 1889.

i' UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

EDWIN M. CLARK AND CHARLEMAGNE CLARK, OF DETROIT, MICHIGAN..

SURFACE CATTLE-GUARD.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 408,695, dated August 13, 1889.

Application filed May 29, 1889'- Serial No. 312,664. (No model.)

To all whom, t may concern-.-

Be it known that we, EDWIN M. CLARK and OHARLEMAGNE CLARK, citizens of the United States, residing at Detroit, in the county of Wayne and State of Michigamhave invented certain new and useful Improvements in Surface Cattle-Guards, of which the following is a specification, reference being This invention relates'to new and useful improvements in surface cattle-guards; and.

' to the cattle than has been accomplished by previous constructions, thus giving a better protection from trespass by the cattle, at the saine time cheapenin g the cost of manufacture and making it more readily removable when repairs to the track are required, all as more fully hereinafter described.

In the drawings which accompan y this speciiication, Figure l is a plan view of the track with our improved surface-guard in position. Fig. 2 is an end elevation thereof. Fig. 3 is an enlarged plan view showing the construction of our guard, and Fig. 4 is an enlarged detail showing the manner of attaching the body of the guard to the side of the frame.

A are the rails. B are the ties composing the track, and C, C', and Cf are the three sections of which our guard is composed. These sections consist of a series of interlocking spiral coils D, the ends of which are secured to the frame E by being turned around the frame and into the apertures F therein. Each of the sections is of the same construction, the central one C being placed between the two rails and the outer ones C and C between each rail and the sidefence, as is usual in guards of this kind.

Ve preferably make the frame E of rectangular shape, as shown in Figs. 1 and 3, section C securing the first coil around one of the sides of the frame and interlocking the adjoining coils into it. It is evident, however, that the frame may consist simply of two bars, as shown in Figi at C and C, which are spiked or otherwise securely fastened to the ties, the other sides being secured by means of spikes or staples I-I, driven on the edge of the coil.

Ve prefer to make the frame of rectangu lar shape, as it is evident that it can be more readily shipped than where the coils are loose upon each other.' The desired tension is also much more perfectly obtained by the use of the rectangular frame in manufacturing, the proper tension being necessary in both directions, so that a comparatively rigid mat is formed. A

The advantages of using the interlocking coils for the cattle-guard are, first, a great economy in manufacturing; second, all the parts presented upward by each turn of the coil being circular it presents a much more irregular surface for footing for the animals, and should they step between the upturned coils the lower turn of thecoil below presents another curved surface upon which the foot would rest. In this way, with comparatively large spaces between the coils, the footing is destroyed for even the smaller animals.

In securing the ends of the interlocking coils into the frame we preferably do so by forming two apertures F for each end of wire, as shown, bringing the end of the wire through one aperture, around the frame, and through the other aperture, thus giving it a firm hold upon the frameA The sections are preferably laid directly upon the ties, having a bearing upon all the ties embraced within their area. We preferably arrange the blocks or collars G under the frame at the points through which the spike substantially as described.

IOO

in presence of two witnesses, this 6th day of May,lSS9.

EDWIN M. CLARK. CIIARLEMAGNE CLARK. W ituesscs:

JAS. WHITTEMORE, J. PAUL MAYER. 

